Motivation and Reinforcement - 3310 Words

Motivation and Reinforcement Summary: Motivation is the art of getting people to do things or to do things more efficiently or quickly. Knowing what the human behavior will do is of the upmost importance. Some of the principals of theorist Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg will open your eyes up to what really motivate people. Finding out which type of motivation intrinsic or extrinsic, is a building block of how a person gets influenced for better motivation. Knowing this trait is a helpful factor to understanding the personality of the person. There attitude can change or formed by a good or bad frame of reference in individuals views. Only by determining the motivational approach of what sets a person to higher standards is†¦show more content†¦Those external factors can include rewards, recognition, bonuses, promotions, and praise. When thinking in terms of motivating employees, a manager should try to help an employee make the connection between their inner drives to fulfill their personal needs and what that might mean in terms of working hard and smart on the job. When employees identify their own welfare with that of their employer, theyll naturally work harder. You have to look at attitudes and how are they formed, measured and changed? What degree of influence do they exert on behavior? In the assessment of attitude it can be summarized as being, a frame of reference that influences the individuals views or opinions on various topics and situations, and influences their behavior. It is widely accepted, however, that attitudes include both beliefs and values. Beliefs, although considered to be based on the knowledge gained about the world around us, can vary greatly in their importance and influence, and therefore being their resistance to change. For instance, an individuals belief in God is highly influential, not only on its own but also in its effect on many other beliefs held by the individual, whereas a belief that eating late at night may cause indigestion is far less central and influential in its effect. Beliefs, both major and minor, form the cognitive component of attitude structure. Motivation and Reinforcement 5 You are able toShow MoreRelatedPositive Reinforcement And Its Effect On Children1740 Words   |  7 PagesCan positive reinforcement in some way harm children or adolescents through our use of trying to pull out certain desired behaviors or traits within them? Over the past century researchers have struggled to come up with methods to how parents can better manage their children, but there has also been research going on at the same time asking whether or not these methods are actually helping children, or harming them. The dictionary definition of positive reinforcement is the offering of desirableRead MoreThe Theory Of Motivation And Motivation1010 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation is defined as an act or process that inspires and stimulates a person to be an effort to achieve a goal. It not only puts employees in act, but also makes them feel interesting with their job. As a result, most of employees are feeling satisfaction with their job, becoming creativity, innovation and prod uctivity as well. However, to successful in motivating the staff is required an appropriate method that meets with all staff’s need. Otherwise, it is seems to useless in driving the employeesRead MoreIntrinsic vs Extrinsic Motivation Styles Essay683 Words   |  3 Pages2 Motivation: Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Abstract Motivation is an inner drive or state that stimulates the individual in a particular direction or keeps them engaged in a certain activity. Motivation determines whether the person continues with the task at hand or not. There are two types of motivation; intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsically motivated individuals hold learning various types of course information in high regard without receiving any reward or reinforcement. In contrast, extrinsicallyRead MoreMotivation Theories At A Very Young Age1450 Words   |  6 PagesMotivation is an important factor in one’s life. You learn what motivates you at a very young age. Although you may not know the word or understand what it means, you still accomplish a goal to receive a reward or know not to do something that will get you in trouble. Why do you do the things you do? Why do you get excited when presented with a positive reward or upset when presented with a negative reward? It’s all about you and what you desire most or want to avoid; and it differs in each individualRead MoreCorrelation Between Motivation And Other Behavioral Processes1293 Words   |  6 PagesOne can define motivation in terms that make a clear distinction between other concepts or processes, and it is important not to simply subsume motivation into other constructs such as emotion. Nevertheless, it also is useful to consider the relation between motivation and other behavioral processes. The neural representation of behavioral functions is highly complex, and it is problematic to try and neatly place core psychological functions into distinct neural systems that do not overlap (SalamoneRead MoreElectrex Knows the Importance of Motivating Employees868 Words   |  4 PagesMotivating Performance Motivation is the internal process that leads the behavior to satisfy needs. (Lussier, 2010) There is a basic reason why people have the motivation to do what they want because they could fulfill their wants and needs. (Lussier, 2010) Motivation plays an important role in an organization’s management. It is because a motivated employee can help the organization to increase the productivity. Not only that, a motivated employee is more cooperative, supportive and be punctualRead MoreA Research Lab On The Workplace1617 Words   |  7 Pageslarge network of people is able to work well together in teams and groups. However, there will be complications and problems when working in groups. A common problem that typically arises in the workplace is the perceived lack of commitment and motivation, resulting in the lack of productivity when conducting group work. From my personal experience, I used to work for a research lab that required to me to work on several experiments and projects with a group of colleagues. My group was responsibleRead MoreThe Case Study On Employee Job Satisfaction And Job Performance Essay1497 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness problems. The author added that these resulted in employee job ent husiasm which showed through to customers. This case explores the different motivation theories, the effect of feedback and positive reinforcement that are demonstrated by Julia’s management style, and the effectiveness of these management styles in creating the right motivation which increases job satisfaction and job performance. Analysis The case study showed several examples of Julia’s interaction with her employees. SheRead MoreMotivation of Employee in Lic1357 Words   |  6 Pages] Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation Motivation can be divided into two types: intrinsic (internal) motivation and extrinsic (external) motivation. Intrinsic motivation Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the task itself, and exists within the individual rather than relying on external pressures or a desire for reward. Intrinsic motivation has been studied since the early 1970s. Students who are intrinsically motivated are more likely to engageRead MoreThe Theories Of Motivation, The Managerial Skills, And Job Design951 Words   |  4 PagesMotivation can be defined in numerous ways. Is it a person’s internal drive, or an applied external force that compels people to strive towards a particular goal or achievement? According to Bateman Snell (2015), â€Å"motivation refers to forces that energize, direct, and sustain a person’s efforts† (p.440). This paper is going to explore the theories of motivation, the managerial skills, and job design needed to motivate employees to increase their performance, and a few successful organizations

Essay about The Prescription Drug Abuse Crisis - 1690 Words

The rate of death due to prescription drug abuse in the U.S. has escalated 313 percent over the past decade. According to the Congressional Quarterly Transcription’s article Rep. Joe Pitt Holds a Hearing on Prescription Drug Abuse, opioid prescription drugs were involved in 16,650 overdose-caused deaths in 2010, accounting for more deaths than from overdoses of heroin and cocaine. Prescribed drugs or painkillers sometimes condemn a patient to lifelong addiction, according to Dr. Tom Frieden, director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This problem not only affects the lives of those who overdose but it affects the communities as well due to the convenience of being able to find these items in drug stores and such.†¦show more content†¦Every individual has his or her own reason for abusing prescribed drugs but this does not justify their decisions. The effects of drug addiction make up an infinite list but its greatest effect is on the brain. Drug addicts experiment with substance abuse depending on the side effects of the drug used. If the drug is an opioid or painkiller, then the subject might be in a sleepy and stoic state. If it was a catalyst then the person is going to exhibit an excited and emotional behavior (i.e. talking a lot, laughing at nothing, babbling, and going through extreme emotion changes.) Depending on the type of drug the subject might even experience hallucinations that can cause them to even commit suicide (â€Å"Gwinnell, Esther, and Christine Adamec†). Some superficial indicators that a person is abusing these types of substances are bloodshot eyes, rapid weight lost, needle tracks, runny nose, and even poor personal hygiene. The side effects of drug abuse, as previously mentioned are magnified when it comes to the family. If the abuser is one or both of the parents/ guardians, the child might e nd up being mistreated and/or not taken care of. Furthermore, if the mother is pregnant, the baby might be born premature or underweight, have mental or physical problems, or have a disruptive later on in life. The most common cases are those in which there is a history of family violence. InShow MoreRelatedWhat Is The Total Economic Burden Of Prescription Opioid Abuse?1662 Words   |  7 PagesCurrent Event Paper 2 â€Å"The total economic burden of prescription opioid misuse alone in the United States is $78.5 billion a year, including the costs of healthcare, lost productivity, addiction treatment, and criminal justice involvement†. -The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Substance abuse disorders have been considered a major epidemic by public health authorities during this century. Most recently, those who use, and abuse opioids have been in the spotlight. The growing numberRead MorePrescription Opioid Abuse : An Increasing Epidemic With Solutions945 Words   |  4 Pages Prescription Opioid Abuse: An Increasing Epidemic with Solutions in Prescribing The rate of poisonings associated with drug overdoses has been on the rise, especially concerning those involving opioids (Paulozzie, Budnitz, Xi, 2006). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) does not mince words regarding the status of opioid utilization in the United States: ?The United States is in the midst of an opioid overdose epidemic? (CDC, 2016). Opioids are now the most common cause of prescriptionRead MoreDrug Abuse And The United States879 Words   |  4 PagesThe issue of drug abuse and addiction in the United States has become much more relevant in the past few years. Drugs and the drug crisis were for the longest time something which was limited geographically, socially and racially. Which is to say that drugs were only a â€Å"problem† in the inner city. In the 1980s, this was symbolized by the so-called crack epidemic which ravaged the poorer and most fragile communities in the country. The issue of drug abuse in the United States is import ant becauseRead MoreWhy Is The Opioid Continues To Plague America1075 Words   |  5 PagesOpioid Crisis Continues to Plague America Steven H. Prassas Pensacola State College Opioid Crisis Continues to Plague America The opioid epidemic in America continues to grow at an alarming rate with no end in sight. All narcotics are derived from the opium poppy plant and then manufactured into different forms of drugs such as morphine, heroin, and other pharmaceutical and synthetic opioid drugs sold on the market for pain. Opium derived drugs block and suppress pain by binding to and stimulatingRead MoreThe Pharmaceutical Industry and Technological Advancement1765 Words   |  7 Pagespharmaceutical industries face is how to improve the quality it provides its patients, as well as becoming a determining factor in lessening drug and prescription abuse. A pharmacist is a health care professional who is an expert in the pharmaceutical field and on pharmaceutical drugs. They are responsible for improving the health of a patient and implementing drug therapy with the intention of improving the quality of a patient’s life. As technology and medicine are rapidly advancing, pharmacist’s commonRead MoreDrug Abuse And Opioid Epidemic Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesThere have been several news coverages on TV and social network about drug overdose of different cases recently and they have risen people’s concern about the problems of drug abuse national-wide. The drug abuse and opioid epidemic is not a new problem to the American society, actually it has been a serious problem for many years. So what is the situation of drug epidemic now, and how can we find effective ways to deal with this problem? A few writers who ponder this question are Nora D. Volkow,Read MoreIncentive Based Drug Policy Solution1317 Words   |  6 Pages INTRODUCTION The current opiod addiction problem in the United States is America’s worst drug problem ever. The consequences have been steadily worsening reflected in recovery rates and overdose deaths. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), over half a million people died of drug overdoses between 2000 and 2015 (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). This paper will evaluate the operation, impact, and effectiveness of the policies and the degree to which they are used. ManyRead MoreThe Problem Of Prescription Drugs1279 Words   |  6 Pagesexperiment with prescription drugs and many they think prescription drugs are safer than illicit drugs found on the streets. â€Å"According to the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, teens who abuse prescription drugs are twice as likely to use alcohol, five times more likely to use marijuana, and twelve to twenty times more likely to use illegal street drugs such as heroin, Ecstasy and coc aine than teens who do not abuse prescription drugs† (Drug free world, n.dRead MoreAbuse Of Opioid Drug Prevention1174 Words   |  5 PagesAbuse of opioid pain relievers (OPRs) continues to increase in the United States. Opioid-related overdose deaths since 1999 have quadrupled, correlated with quadrupled dispensing of prescription opioids (Rudd et al., 2016, CDC, 217). Among these deaths, prescription opioids have been involved approximately half (CDC, 2017). According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the central issue is elevated prescribing rates of physicians and the solution to this problem is safer prescribing practicesRead MoreSaving Lives, And The Needle Exchange Program833 Words   |  4 Pagesbased on research data The large indicator of success of these programs is the documented 75 percent reduction in HIV transmissions associated with injection drug use said Anne Roach, spokeswoman for the Department of Public Health. â€Å"Vivitrol is a drug some experts think can revolutionize the treatment of heroin and prescription opioid abuse† (Tabachnick, n.d). Vivitrol- the Washington County Health Department has given 246 shots to 83 people in the program’s 3 1 / 2 years (it pays $523 a shot because

Diversity Policy Socio Economic Background

Question: Discuss about the Diversity Policy for Socio Economic Background. Answer: Diversity, especially in workplaces, helps create a conducive working environment for people of disparate socio-economic backgrounds. Moreover, it makes them feel comfortable by promoting equal opportunities among them. It enables a company embrace difference by accommodating employees of various backgrounds. This, in turn, expands a companys business partners, customer demographics as well as internal performance methods. Depending on the country an organization operates, there are legal considerations that a manager should consider. These considerations range from one country to another. These laws are formulated to encourage diversity in workplaces by embracing foreigners or employees from various cultures across the world. For example, the international laws champions for non-discrimination in workplaces. There are non-discrimination standards set internationally to ensure that employees are not discriminated based on their cultural backgrounds. Management practices also require ethical codes to help promote effective diversity management in workplaces. Such legal and ethical codes include[1]. One of the ethical considerations for management is language which is vital aspect in communication especially at workplaces. Second, it is important to consider the cultural beliefs of employees as they are the core factors in determining their workability and how they interact with others. Third, cultural and religious institutions are important determinants of peoples way of day-to-day lives. It also determines their reaction towards different people and incidences. Fourth, a manager should also consider one's values about work and education. This is important in boosting their morale at work. There exist social and economic differences between people of disparate cultural backgrounds which affects their workability. It is also ethical to consider values held by different employees about family structure. Various families hold different structural values based on their cultural backgrounds that affect their relations at the work place. Another closely connected factor is a power which comes with the family structure. For a hierarchical family structure with the male at the top gives a man more power. Consequentially, this determines how male relate with female colleagues at workplace. Finally, there exist rules on how people from similar background operate. Such rules define their behavior based on how they relate to their seniors at workplace. Service providing organizations deal with different individuals and families from various social backgrounds. Some they interact with patients or individuals speaking totally different languages with disparate beliefs and norms. It, therefore, becomes challenging to offers services especially when it involves interacting with such people. Some of the barriers to inclusive experienced by service providers are as follows[2]. One of the barriers to inclusion is language. Communication becomes a problem especially when there is no common language between them and the target community. Literacy among some communities also becomes a challenge. This is more pronounced when offering health services as some locals cannot even read drug prescriptions. The third is different decision-making systems in various communities which pre-suppose specific ethnocultural backgrounds. Some cultures make a decision concerning health based on their norms and hence would not welcome alien methods as they are considered a corruption of their culture. Fourth, negative experiences with previous organizations make individuals extend distrust to other new organizations. For instance, if a community has had cases of cultural oppression with a certain organization then it is unlikely to welcome any organization from the same region or place. Another barrier to inclusive is cultural stereotypes or misconceptions held by different people. Stereotypes such as those of a community being unwelcoming or harsh affect perception or relation with service providers. Sixth, lack of respect and sensitivity for difference greatly affects relationships between service providers and the community. Different communities also have concerns about confidentiality and the fear of disclosing community secrets. This limits the degree of communication between the community and service providers. Finally, some communities fear services providers based historical experiences or injustices. For example, some colonizers used brutal assimilation policies which are strongly opposed by their colonies. Cross-cultural communication has become vital especially in business environments for the purpose of expanding one's reach regarding customers and audience. Moreover, community service providers also require a better understanding of local languages for effective service delivery. However, it is important always to consider the difference in cultural and practices when communicating. The following are 10 effective strategies for cross-cultural communication[3]. First, it is important to have a better understanding of the culture one is dealing with. This is important in generating services that resonate with the community to minimize inclusive barriers. One should also be flexible regarding communication channels being used. They should be open to different communication methods such as word-of-mouth or face-to-face among others to relay the message. Third, there is a need to respect differences within the target communities. This can be achieved by conducting a prior research on the communities. Active listening is also a significant factor for understanding the needs of a particular community. It also involves giving the communities a voice to express their needs. Fifth, one should have a high degree of self-awareness to make a change in society. It is thus important to develop services that are self-aware of the target communitys cultures and norms. One is also encouraged to ask questions to clear any doubts rather than making assumptions. It expands ones knowledge of the cultural norms. Seventh, honesty is an important aspect of cross-cultural communication. It is through honesty that one can win the communitys trust and hence their corporation. However, dishonesty leads to distrust hence a barrier to inclusive. Stereotyping is an important tool for understanding a target community. However, stereotyping ones target community may lead to rejection. One should clearly distinguish perspectives when dealing with different communities. A clear understanding of a communitys values, beliefs, prejudices, and biases enable him, or she addresses them effectively. Finally, it is important to keep the communication simple for better understanding by the target audience. Most of the target communities may be speaking the common language as their second language hence has little understanding. Inclusivity promotes effective service delivery and communication in a cross-cultural interaction. Moreover, individuals relate effectively in workplaces by being able to understand others cultural norms and practices. Therefore, practices and principles supporting inclusive are vital in promoting difference cultural awareness in communities and workplaces[4]. A principle such as treating everyone with respect and fairly helps create a feeling of belonging among them. Respecting others cultural values and beliefs makes them feel accepted in a certain professional or social setting thus promoting inclusivity. There are practices in workplaces or in community service delivery that promote acknowledgment of diversity. For example, embracing unique skills and qualities among employees creates a multicultural society in workplaces. It makes employees feel appreciated thus boosting their morale. Moreover, acceptance at workplaces also enhances work relations which in turn improve the productivity of employees. Assigning appropriate diversity roles to individuals at workplaces also encourages performance. It promotes individuals such a leader's or managers commitment to promoting diversity among employees[5]. Moreover, assigning diversity role makes it every employees responsibility to promote and foster a diverse work environment. Additionally, monitoring employees performance in diversity role also helps shape their attitudes towards others of different cultural background. Workplace objectives define the short-term goals an organization is aiming to achieve. They can include the size of customers a business is targeting over a given period. Objectives can also include financial goals such a specific amount of assets an organization is aiming to attain over a certain period. Achieving such objectives require the corporation of everyone in the company from subordinate employees to the top leaders. Moreover, it requires aligning their activities or practices towards achieving such objectives. One way of determining whether workplace practices match its objectives is examining the commitment of everyone towards achieving the objectives. Low commitment among employees indicates low productivity which translates to an inability to achieve company objectives. On the other hand, a high degree of commitment among employees indicates high productivity. Secondly, setting and adhering to ethical codes is also an important factor in attaining company objectives. Ethical codes are important since they dictate the relationship between individuals at the workplace. Good workplace relationships promote conducive working environment hence increasing productivity. Project Diversity childcare Policy. Diversity is a concept that encompasses respect and acceptance. It requires one to understand that everyone is unique and accepting our differences. Such differences can be along dimensions of ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, gender, age, socio-economic status, religious beliefs, physical abilities or ideologies. Diversity, therefore, explores such differences in a positive, safe and nurturing environment[6]. Moreover, it supports understanding one another to embrace their individual dimensions of diversity. Diversity is important to organizations and their clients because it promotes interaction that translates to understanding client need to provide appropriate services. Moreover, diversity opens up horizons for expansion hence increasing customer base. Rationale The childcare diversity policy is aimed at protecting young people and children of diverse linguistic, cultural, religious or ethnic backgrounds who are at risk of harm or are harmed. Cultural Awareness Culture can be described as an integrated way of human behavior that includes actions, thoughts, communications, values, beliefs, and customs, religious, ethnic and social groups[7]. Therefore different cultures have disparate values regarding childcare. It is thus important to create awareness to various communities on matters regarding child labor, forced early marriages among others to protect child rights. Principles and Values The policy is based on the following principles and values to ensure child protection[8]. Respecting and valuing diversity: The organization should respect and value diversity by accommodating individuals from linguistically and culturally diverse backgrounds. This includes respecting and valuing positive parenting practices of individuals from different backgrounds. Interests and welfare of a child are important: Irrespective of ones cultural background, they should adhere to the laws concerning childs right. They should not use culture as an excuse to violate child rights. Objectives and goals One objective of the policy is to develop cross-cultural competence. This involves ensuring that systems and individuals respond respectfully to those of different languages, classes, religions, cultures and ethnic backgrounds. The first strategy to achieving this is by creating cultural awareness about ones culture as well as the associated interactions and behaviors. It involves recognizing ones personal biases as well as stereotypes, valuing cultural diversity and acknowledging cultural influence. Secondly, cross-cultural competence can be achieved by acquiring knowledge concerning other cultures. There is need to learn about other peoples cultural behaviors and practices as a way of accepting and embracing cultural difference. Thirdly, cross-cultural competence can be implemented by developing cross-cultural skills such as cross-cultural communications among various communities. For example, cross-cultural communication promotes communication among different communities hence enhancing cultural acceptance[9]. Another objective of the policy is to ensure that needs of children are met appropriately by collecting accurate information about different cultures. One strategy to achieving this is through creating close contact with various communities. It requires close interaction with individuals of different cultural backgrounds. Second strategy is by understanding cultural practices of various communities. Cultural practices such as circumcision are closely related to childcare directly or indirectly. For example, it is important to identify the age at which a child is considered an adult to go through circumcision. Thirdly, recording relevant information concerning various cultures is crucial in understanding their historical way of lives. The information recorded can thus be used in understanding the community and their practices in relevance to childcare policies and regulations. Benefits The childcare policy will help promotes effective childcare by creating culturally sensitive awareness among communities. Moreover, the organization will be able to develop efficient communication approaches to relay childcare message to various communities. By understanding cultural and linguistic differences, the organization will be able to relate to the communities and offer resonating services. Inclusivity Inclusivity ensures that every individual is accepted regardless of their cultural, ethnic, religious, or social groups. By supporting inclusivity, the policy will ensure that every individual is aligned with the policies and legislations protecting children rights. Strategies Some of the strategies that will employ by the organization to achieve diversity include[10]: Creating working knowledge of child rearing practices of different communities: The organization will examine and recognize different ways of parenting practiced by disparate communities. This will involve issues such as the age at which a child is left unsupervised or to take care of another child. Learning about traditional cultural practices: By understanding different traditional cultural practices, the organization will be able to distinguish those harmful and beneficial to a child. Legislation The childcare policy is supported by policy and legislative requirements such as: The Child Protection Act 1999 The United Nations Convention on Childs Rights. Child Safety Policy No. 458-2, and department of communities. Monitoring Implementation of the policy will be monitored by ensuring that parental cultural practices of different cultures do not violate the child rights. This will bring about success by developing a multicultural society sensitive about child rights[11]. Communication styles The policy supports cross-cultural communication styles that involve active listening to understand cultural differences among different communities on parenting practices. It will also involve honesty with the target communities. The organization will also use interpreters to gain a clear understanding of the needs of various communities. Organization policies and guidelines For the child care policy to work successfully there is a need to align it with the organizational policies and guidelines. Organizational policies determine how the employees and will relate with each other as well as their leaders at the workplace. It is thus important that employees adhere to organizational policies in dealing with clients by being sensitive about cultural development. List of References Child Protection Act 1999. Child safety policy No. 458-2 Congress, E. The use of culturagrams to assess and empower culturally diverse families. Families in Society, 1994. Devore, W. and Schlesinger, E. (1999). Ethnic-sensitive social work practice. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Gelfand, D. and Yee, B. Trends and forces: Influence of immigration, migration, And acculturation of the fabric of aging in America. Generations 15, 1991. National Association of Social Workers. Code of ethics. Washington DC: NASW Press. 1999 Parry, J. and Ryan .Across-cultural look at death, dying, and religion. Pacific Grove, CA: Wadsworth.1995 Webb, N.B. Social work practice with children. New York: Guilford Press, 1996 Strategies for effective cross-cultural communication [online]: https://www.cnw.newswire.ca accessed: August 30, 2016